The operation of a photovoltaic (PV) cell requires 3 basic attributes:

The absorption of light, generating either electron-hole pairs or excitons.

The separation of charge carriers of opposite types.

The separate extraction of those carriers to an external circuit.

In contrast, a solar thermal collector supplies heat by absorbing sunlight, for the purpose of either direct heating or indirect electrical power generation from heat. A "photoelectrolytic cell" (photoelectrochemical cell), on the other hand, refers either to a type of photovoltaic cell (like that developed by Edmond Becquerel and modern dye-sensitized solar cells), or to a device that splits water directly into hydrogen and oxygen using only solar illumination.Characteristic of Mono 156X156MM2 Solar Cells

You are gaining energy independence - add battery backup power for even greater energy security

The cost of electricity is only going to rise – insure against that rising cost

Adaptive cells change their absorption/reflection characteristics depending to respond to environmental conditions. An adaptive material responds to the intensity and angle of incident light. At the part of the cell where the light is most intense, the cell surface changes from reflective to adaptive, allowing the light to penetrate the cell. The other parts of the cell remain reflective increasing the retention of the absorbed light within the cell.[67]

In 2014 a system that combined an adaptive surface with a glass substrate that redirect the absorbed to a light absorber on the edges of the sheet. The system also included an array of fixed lenses/mirrors to concentrate light onto the adaptive surface. As the day continues, the concentrated light moves along the surface of the cell. That surface switches from reflective to adaptive when the light is most concentrated and back to reflective after the light moves along

Mechanical data and design

Temperature Coefficient of Cells

Electrical Characteristic

FAQ

Q: What price for each watt?

A: It depends on the quantity, delivery date and payment terms, generally Large Quantity and Low Price

Q: What is your size for each module? Can you tell me the Parameter of your module?

A: We have different series of panels in different output, both c-Si and a-Si. Please take the specification sheet for your reference.

Q: What is your size for each module? Can you tell me the Parameter of your module?

A: We have different series of panels in different output, both c-Si and a-Si. Please take the specification sheet for your reference.

A solar cell is an electronic device which directly converts sunlight into electricity. Light shining on the solar cell produces both a current and a voltage to generate electric power. This process requires firstly, a material in which the absorption of light raises an electron to a higher energy state, and secondly, the movement of this higher energy electron from the solar cell into an external circuit. The electron then dissipates its energy in the external circuit and returns to the solar cell. A variety of materials and processes can potentially satisfy the requirements for photovoltaic energy conversion, but in practice nearly all photovoltaic energy conversion uses semiconductor materials in the form of a p-n junction.

The basic steps in the operation of a solar cell are:

the generation of light-generated carriers;

the collection of the light-generated carries to generate a current;

the generation of a large voltage across the solar cell; and

the dissipation of power in the load and in parasitic resistances.

Solar cells are structured in layers with different functions. The working principle is the same as in semiconductors. 

The main part of a silicon (Si) solar cell generating solar power is formed by two differently doped (n- and p-) silicon layers. A physical barrier is created between them along the p-/n- junction, with electrons and holes diffusing into regions of lower concentration.

This depleted region or space charge region can only be overcome with the help of photons i.e. sunlight.

To be able to channel electrones and holes and generate electric power, metal contacts need to be printed onto the front and rear side. Generally, a full aluminium or silver layer is screenprinted onto the rear. A thin grid forms the front contact keeping the impact on light entering the silicon cells as low as possible.

To reduce light reflection, a thin film of silicon nitride or titanium dioxide is coated onto the surface.