Q:are photosynthetic pigments separated based on their polarity or based on their molecular structure?Thanks

Molecular structure... Chlorophylls are greenish pigments which contain a porphyrin ring. This is a stable ring-shaped molecule around which electrons are free to migrate. There are several kinds of chlorophyll, the most important being chlorophyll a. This is the molecule which makes photosynthesis possible, by passing its energized electrons on to molecules which will manufacture sugars. All plants, algae, and cyanobacteria which photosynthesize contain chlorophyll a. A second kind of chlorophyll is chlorophyll b, which occurs only in green algae and in the plants. A third form of chlorophyll which is common is (not surprisingly) called chlorophyll c, and is found only in the photosynthetic members of the Chromista as well as the dinoflagellates. The differences between the chlorophylls of these major groups was one of the first clues that they were not as closely related as previously thought. Carotenoids are usually red, orange, or yellow pigments, and include the familiar compound carotene, which gives carrots their color. These compounds are composed of two small six-carbon rings connected by a chain of carbon atoms. As a result, they do not dissolve in water, and must be attached to membranes within the cell. Carotenoids cannot transfer sunlight energy directly to the photosynthetic pathway, but must pass their absorbed energy to chlorophyll. For this reason, they are called accessory pigments. One very visible accessory pigment is fucoxanthin the brown pigment which colors kelps and other brown algae as well as the diatoms.

Q:the absorption spectrum and the range of light reflected by each

A okorder /... gives the spectra (Action and Absorption)

Q:What pigments are used in photosynthesis?

Chlorophyll(green) is the primary pigment used in photosynthesis. Besides chlorophyll, plants also use pigments such as carotenes(orange) and xanthophylls(yellow).

Q:do all leaves extract contain the same pigments??why?

Plants okorder /... Plants have classes of pigments that act as adjuncts to the chloroplast's chlorophyll, in several ways. Some are accessory pigments that broaden the range of absorbed light. These pigments are found in the light gathering arrays in chloroplasts. They also alter the color of the leaf depending on what specific pigments it has to gather light energy and that determines what is reflected (green is the basic reflected spectra but is might be yellowish or bluish green). The major accessory class of pigments, the carotenoids, collect light in the red to yellow wavelengths chlorophyll a can’t, then the carotenoids transfer the energy to chlorophyll a to process. Among the carotenoids are the xanthophylls that provide UV protection for the light gathering centers of the chloroplast. Plants adapt to situations and some just have fewer chloroplasts so have less chlorophyll and absorb less of the light. In low light situations they need fewer so variegated plants are possible. This reduced chlorophyll level allows small amounts of other pigments like the yellow pigment xanthophyll to show up.

Q:What is a pigment and their function in photosynthesis?

chlorophyl is the pigment i think. it is in the leaves of plants, that is where the photosynthesis takes place.

Q:What do chlorophylls, cartenoids and phycobilins reflect? And what wavelengths of light do they absorb?

Carotenoids generally reflect yellow, orange, or red and absorb blue to blue-green light spectra. Xanthophyll absorbs well at 400-530 nm Beta-carotene absorbs most strongly between 400-500 nm. Fucoxanthin absorbs light primarily in the blue-green to yellow-green that penetrates deeper in water, peaking at around 510-525 nm and again at 450-540 nm. This reflects a yellow brown giving brown algae their color. Phycobilins are not found in leaves except as a phytochrome. They occur in Cyanobacteria (bluegreen algae) and Rhodophyta's (red algae) photosynthetic pathways as accessory pigments a part of the light reaction pigment systems energy donors to the reaction center. Phytochromes respond to far red between 700-800 nm. Phycoerythrin is a phycobilin pigment in rad algae that reflects red light and is therefore responsible for the color of most red algae.

Q:I love the colours that pigments come in but I don't know how to use them. Is there any easy way?

You can go to a store that sells makeup and ask them how to use it. They will even show you.

Q:Explain why plants need a variety of pigments to carry out photosynthesis?

In photosynthesis plants make their which is a carbohydrate i.e. a compound of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. That carbohydrate is glucose (C6H12O6). The chemical equation of photosynthesis is : 6CO2 + 12H2O = C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O Here water, carbon dioxide and light (light gives the energy to prform the reaction) helps to form chains of carbohydrate that further makes sucrose, a type of sugar, which can be utilized by plants as food.

Q:what is one reason why plants have accessory pigment molecules like chlorophyll b and carotenoids?

Chlorophyll actually speaking does'nt give the green color to the plant.It reflects the green wavelength and hence the green color.There are other pigments present in the leaf like chlorophyll a , chlorophyll b,c,d and e.Chlorophyll a is the primary pigment.It reflects the green,red and blue wavelength.It consitutes the reaction center in the chloroplasts which absorbs all the light incident on the leaf which in turn facilitates photosynthesis.Then there is Xanthophyll and carotene.Xanthophyll is orange yellow in color.Carotene is orange in color.Xanthophyll and Carotene are called as the accessory pigments present in the leaf.They reflect the blue, red and violet wavelength.I hope this info is sufficient.

Q:wut is the diff between those 2?

MAC pigment is a loose eyeshadow that comes in a jar. It is made with ingredients that help adhere to the skin it is also easy to blend and doesn't cake. It is also to use pigment if you want very intense colors. And MAC eyeshadow well it comes in a little case it is in powder form it's a lot easier to apply than the pigment because the pigment tends to get all over the place. Personally I like the eyeshadow better more shades and easier to apply.