The temperature limits for hollow steel tubes vary depending on the grade and type of steel used. However, in general, most hollow steel tubes can withstand temperatures ranging from -40°C to 400°C. It is important to consult the specific manufacturer's guidelines or engineering specifications for accurate temperature limits for a particular hollow steel tube.

No, hollow steel tubes are not suitable for the transportation of liquids or gases as they are prone to corrosion and leakage.

There are several considerations for seismic design in hollow steel tubes. Firstly, the material properties of the steel tubes must be carefully chosen to ensure they have sufficient strength, ductility, and toughness to withstand the seismic forces. The tube's cross-sectional shape and dimensions also play a crucial role in determining its resistance to seismic loads. Secondly, the connection details between the steel tubes and other structural components need to be carefully designed to ensure adequate load transfer and to allow for sufficient ductility and energy dissipation during an earthquake. Special attention must be given to the welding or bolting techniques used to connect the tubes, as their performance during seismic events is critical. Thirdly, the overall structural system needs to be properly analyzed and designed to account for the dynamic response of the hollow steel tubes under seismic loads. This includes considering the effects of lateral deformations, axial forces, and bending moments on the tubes, as well as any potential buckling or instability issues. Additionally, various seismic design codes and regulations must be followed to ensure the hollow steel tubes meet the required performance levels and safety standards. These codes often provide guidelines for the design of seismic-resistant structures, including specific provisions for hollow steel tubes. Overall, seismic design in hollow steel tubes requires careful consideration of material properties, connection details, structural analysis, and adherence to relevant design codes to ensure the structural integrity and safety of the tubes during earthquake events.