Alumina-magnesia spinel refractories are a type of refractory material that exhibit several important properties. Firstly, they have excellent thermal shock resistance, meaning they can withstand rapid temperature changes without cracking or spalling. This property makes them suitable for applications where the refractory is exposed to frequent heating and cooling cycles. Additionally, alumina-magnesia spinel refractories have high refractoriness, meaning they can withstand extremely high temperatures without melting or deforming. This property makes them ideal for use in industries such as steelmaking, where they are exposed to intense heat. Another important property of alumina-magnesia spinel refractories is their chemical stability. They have good resistance to chemical attack, especially from basic slags and alkalis. This makes them suitable for use in environments where they come into contact with corrosive materials. Furthermore, these refractories have good mechanical strength and abrasion resistance, allowing them to withstand physical stress and wear. This property makes them suitable for applications such as lining furnaces, kilns, and other high-temperature equipment. Overall, alumina-magnesia spinel refractories are highly desirable due to their thermal shock resistance, high refractoriness, chemical stability, and mechanical strength. These properties make them an excellent choice for various industrial applications requiring resistance to high temperatures and harsh environments.

Mullite brick-based refractory materials are known for their high thermal stability, excellent resistance to thermal shock, and low thermal expansion coefficient. They possess good mechanical strength, chemical inertness, and high refractoriness. These materials also exhibit low creep under high temperatures and have the ability to withstand aggressive chemical environments, making them ideal for applications in industries such as ceramics, glass, steel, and petrochemicals.

The refractory raw materials commonly used in lining settler tanks include materials such as fire clay, high alumina refractory bricks, silica bricks, and insulating fire bricks. These materials possess high heat resistance and can withstand the extreme temperatures and chemical environments inside the settler tanks.

Sodium plays a crucial role in refractory applications as it acts as a fluxing agent, lowering the melting point of the refractory materials. This allows for better workability and easier shaping during the manufacturing process. Sodium also enhances the bonding of refractory particles, increasing the strength and integrity of the final product. Additionally, sodium can improve the resistance of refractories to thermal shock and chemical attack, making them more durable and suitable for high-temperature applications.